Last updated: Sat, 17 Jul 2004

LXXVII. 오라클 8 함수

이 함수들을 통해 오라클 8과 오라클 7 데이터베이스를 연동하여 사용한다. Oracle8 Call-Interface (OCI8)를 사용하며, 이 함수들을 사용하려면 오라클8 클라이언트 라이브러리(Oracle8 client libraries)가 필요하다.

이 함수는 표준 오라클 함수보다 유연하다. PHP의 전역 변수와 지역 변수들의 오라클 위치보유자(Oracle placeholder) 로의 연계(binding), full LOB, FILE, ROWID를 지원하며, user-supplied define variable을 사용할 수 있도록 해 준다.

이 함수를 사용하기 전에 오라클 계정과 웹 데몬 계정에 유효한 오라클 환경변수를 적용했는지 확인해야한다. 적용시킬 환경변수:

ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID
LD_PRELOAD
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
NLS_LANG
ORA_NLS33

웹서버 계정으로 위 환경변수를 적용한후에, 웹서버 계정(nobody, www)을 오라클 그룹에 추가했는지 확인해야 한다.

웹서버가 시작하지 않거나 시작시 제대로 작동하지 않으면: 아파치가 pthread 라이브러리에 링크되어있는지 체크하라:
# ldd /www/apache/bin/httpd 
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x4001c000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0x4002f000)
    libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/libcrypt.so.1 (0x4004c000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x4007a000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x4007e000)
    /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)
libpthread가 보이지 않으면 아파치를 다시 설치해야한다 :
# cd /usr/src/apache_1.3.xx
# make clean
# LIBS=-lpthread ./config.status
# make
# make install

예 1. OCI Hints


<?php

// by sergo@bacup.ru



// Use option: OCI_DEFAULT for execute command to delay execution

OCIExecute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);



// for retrieve data use (after fetch):



$result = OCIResult($stmt, $n);

if (is_object ($result)) $result = $result->load();



// For INSERT or UPDATE statement use:



$sql = "insert into table (field1, field2) values (field1 = 'value',

 field2 = empty_clob()) returning field2 into :field2";

OCIParse($conn, $sql);

$clob = OCINewDescriptor($conn, OCI_D_LOB);

OCIBindByName ($stmt, ":field2", &amp;$clob, -1, OCI_B_CLOB);

OCIExecute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);

$clob->save ("some text");

OCICommit($conn);



?&gt;

커맨드 라인(command-line)에서의 사용 방식과 동일하게 내장 프로시저(stored procedures)를 사용할 수 있다.

예 2. 내장 프로시저(Stored Procedures) 사용하기


<?php

// by webmaster@remoterealty.com

$sth = OCIParse ( $dbh, "begin sp_newaddress( :address_id, '$firstname',

 '$lastname', '$company', '$address1', '$address2', '$city', '$state',

 '$postalcode', '$country', :error_code );end;" );



// This calls stored procedure sp_newaddress, with :address_id being an

// in/out variable and :error_code being an out variable. 

// Then you do the binding:



   OCIBindByName ( $sth, ":address_id", $addr_id, 10 );

   OCIBindByName ( $sth, ":error_code", $errorcode, 10 );

   OCIExecute ( $sth );



?>

차례
oci_bind_by_name -- Binds the PHP variable to the Oracle placeholder
oci_cancel -- Cancels reading from cursor
oci_close -- Closes Oracle connection
collection->append -- Appends an object to the collection
collection->assign -- Assigns a value to the collection from another existing collection
collection->assignElem -- Assigns a value to the element of the collection
collection->getElem -- Returns value of the element
collection->max -- Gets the maximum number of elements in the collection
collection->size -- Returns size of the collection
collection->trim -- Trims elements from the end of the collection
oci_commit -- Commits outstanding statements
oci_connect -- Establishes a connection to Oracle server
oci_define_by_name -- Uses a PHP variable for the define-step during a SELECT
oci_error -- Returns the last error found
oci_execute -- Executes a statement
oci_fetch_all -- Fetches all rows of result data into an array
oci_fetch_array -- Returns the next row from the result data as an associative or numeric array, or both
oci_fetch_assoc -- Returns the next row from the result data as an associative array
oci_fetch_object -- Returns the next row from the result data as an object
oci_fetch_row -- Returns the next row from the result data as a numeric array
oci_fetch -- Fetches the next row into result-buffer
oci_field_is_null -- Checks if the field is NULL
oci_field_name -- Returns the name of a field from the statement
oci_field_precision -- Tell the precision of a field
oci_field_scale -- Tell the scale of the field
oci_field_size -- Returns field's size
oci_field_type_raw -- Tell the raw Oracle data type of the field
oci_field_type -- Returns field's data type
collection->free -- Frees resources associated with collection object
descriptor->free -- Frees resources associated with descriptor
oci_free_statement -- Frees all resources associated with statement or cursor
oci_internal_debug -- Enables or disables internal debug output
lob->append -- Appends data from the large object to another large object
lob->close -- Closes LOB descriptor
oci_lob_copy -- Copies large object
lob->eof -- Tests for end-of-file on a large object's descriptor
lob->erase -- Erases a specified portion of the internal LOB data
lob->export -- Exports LOB's contents to a file
lob->flush -- Flushes/writes buffer of the LOB to the server
lob->import -- Imports file data to the LOB
oci_lob_is_equal -- Compares two LOB/FILE locators for equality
lob->load -- Returns large object's contents
lob->read -- Reads part of large object
lob->rewind -- Moves the internal pointer to the beginning of the large object
lob->save -- Saves data to the large object
lob->seek -- Sets the internal pointer of the large object
lob->size -- Returns size of large object
lob->tell -- Returns current position of internal pointer of large object
lob->truncate -- Truncates large object
lob->writeTemporary -- Writes temporary large object
lob->write -- Writes data to the large object
oci_new_collection -- Allocates new collection object
oci_new_connect -- Establishes a new connection to the Oracle server
oci_new_cursor -- Allocates and returns a new cursor (statement handle)
oci_new_descriptor -- Initializes a new empty LOB or FILE descriptor
oci_num_fields -- Returns the number of result columns in a statement
oci_num_rows -- Returns number of rows affected during statement execution
oci_parse -- Prepares Oracle statement for execution
oci_password_change -- Changes password of Oracle's user
oci_pconnect -- Connect to an Oracle database using a persistent connection
oci_result -- Returns field's value from the fetched row
oci_rollback -- Rolls back outstanding transaction
oci_server_version -- Returns server version
oci_set_prefetch -- Sets number of rows to be prefetched
oci_statement_type -- Returns the type of an OCI statement
OCIBindByName -- 오라클 위치보유자(Placeholder)를 PHP 변수에 연계(bind)시킨다.
OCICancel -- 커서로부터 읽기를 취소한다
ocicloselob -- Closes lob descriptor
ocicollappend -- Append an object to the collection
ocicollassign -- Assign a collection from another existing collection
ocicollassignelem -- Assign element val to collection at index ndx
ocicollgetelem -- Retrieve the value at collection index ndx
ocicollmax -- Return the max value of a collection. For a varray this is the maximum length of the array
ocicollsize -- Return the size of a collection
ocicolltrim -- Trim num elements from the end of a collection
OCIColumnIsNULL -- 결과 컬럼이 널(NULL)인지 테스트한다
OCIColumnName -- 컬럼의 이름을 리턴한다.
ocicolumnprecision -- Tell the precision of a column
ocicolumnscale -- Tell the scale of a column
OCIColumnSize -- 결과 컬럼 사이즈를 리턴한다
OCIColumnType -- 컬럼의 데이터 타입을 리턴한다.
ocicolumntyperaw -- Tell the raw oracle data type of a column
OCICommit -- 미결정된 트랜잭션을 커밋시킨다.
OCIDefineByName -- 한 SELECT 구문사용시 정의단계(define-step)를 위한 PHP 변수를 할당한다.
OCIError -- stmt|conn|global의 제일 마지막 에러를 리턴한다. 아무 에러도 없었다면 FALSE를 리턴한다.
OCIExecute -- SQL 구문(Statement)을 수행한다.
OCIFetch -- 결과 버퍼(result-buffer)로 다음 열을 페치한다
OCIFetchInto -- 결과 배열(result-array)에 다음 열을 페치한다
OCIFetchStatement -- 배열에 모든 열의 결과 값을 페치한다.
ocifreecollection -- Deletes collection object
OCIFreeCursor -- 커서(cursor)에 연관된 모든 자원을 해제한다.
OCIFreeDesc -- 큰 객체(large object) descriptor를 삭제한다.
OCIFreeStatement -- 구문(statement)에 연관된 모든 자원을 해제한다.
lob->getBuffering -- Returns current state of buffering for large object
OCIInternalDebug -- 내부 디버그 출력을 활성화 시키거나, 비활성화 시킨다. 기본값으로 비활성화 되어있다.
ociloadlob -- Loads a large object
OCILogOff -- 오라클로부터 접속을 해제한다.
OCILogon -- 오라클 데이터베이스에 접속한다.
ocinewcollection -- Initialize a new collection
OCINewCursor -- 새로운 커서(구문 핸들)를 리턴한다 - ref-cursor를 연계하기위함.
OCINewDescriptor -- LOB/FILE의 비어있는 새로운 descriptor를 초기화한다 (LOB 이 기본값이다)
OCINLogon -- 오라클 데이터베이스에 접속하고 새로운 접속을 이용해서 로그온한다. 새로운 세션(session)을 넘겨준다.
OCINumCols -- 구문 결과값의 컬럼의 갯수를 리턴한다
OCIParse -- 질의(query)를 해석하고 구문(statement)를 리턴한다
OCIPLogon -- 오라클 데이터베이스에 접속하고 영속적 DB 접속 (persistant connection) 을 이용해서 로그온한다. 또다른 새로운 세션(session)을 넘겨준다.
OCIResult -- 페치된 열의 컬럼 값을 리턴한다
OCIRollback -- 미결정된 트랜잭션을 롤백한다.
OCIRowCount -- 적용되어진 열의 갯수를 가져온다
ocisavelob -- Saves a large object
ocisavelobfile -- Saves a large object file
ociserverversion -- Return a string containing server version information
lob->setBuffering -- Changes current state of buffering for large object
OCISetPrefetch -- 사용할 열의 갯수를 설정한다
OCIStatementType -- OCI 구문(statement)의 타입을 리턴한다.
ociwritelobtofile -- Saves a large object file
ociwritetemporarylob -- Writes temporary blob

oci_bind_by_name

deaggregate

Last updated: Sat, 17 Jul 2004

add a note User Contributed Notes
오라클 8 함수

christopher dot jones at oracle dot com
17-Jun-2007 09:25


There are several good books on PHP and Oracle available - search your favorite bookstore.  There is also a free book from Oracle "The Underground PHP and Oracle Manual" that covers the OCI8 extension: http://otn.oracle.com/tech/php/pdf/underground-php-oracle-manual.pdf

(free registration for OTN required, IIRC). Disclaimer: I'm one of its authors.

tuliogs at pgt dot mpt dot gov dot br
22-May-2007 08:12


Regarding issues with glibc "double free or corruption" or "free(): invalid next size" errors in error_log with PHP4 (PHP 4.4.7 is still afftected by this issue), and in addition to Rainer Klier´s notes below, if you´re using autoconf 2.5 (default on Redhat ES/CentOS 4.4 and 5, for example), you must delete PHP´s "configure" script before running "buildconf --force", or it will do nothing.



After that, you´ll need to use PHP 5 oci8 syntax with configure:

--oci8=instantclient,/path/to/instantclient



Only after this you´ll be able to compile PHP, but it´s a guaranteed fix - and, just to enforce Rainer´s point (as opposed to what has been said in other places), no need to rise memory limit and edit Makefile on x86-32. Good luck. ;)

david dot reynoldsat at ipl dot com
10-Apr-2007 07:56


I had a problem loading php_oci8.dll with php 5.2, Apache, and windows XP - a module not loaded error, on every apache restart.

I eventually found that I had to add the oracle instantclient library path to the %PATH% under SYSTEM and not under USER.  Doing that, and then rebooting, fixed the error - as Apache is starting as a service (outside the user setup).

James VL
28-Feb-2007 10:49


re: Andrei Kubar



I was using Oracle Instant Client on Windows XP, and was getting the



PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library 'C:\php\ext\php_oci8.dll' - The specified module could not be found.



error at startup, even though I had done all (most?) of the PHP and Oracle setup routines.



For me it wasn't the lack of mfc*.dll files, but a simple PATH issue: in addition to defining the environment variable TNS_ADMIN, I had to include my instant client directory in my PATH.

jay dot couture at gmail dot com
06-Dec-2006 03:26


# Here's what it took to get it going for me on Red Hat on 

# x86_32 w/ 10gr2 and php5.1.2

# I sincerely appreciate all of the other poster's notes. 

# It was a combination of a few 

# of them to get mine configured. My note should reflect this:



# install the instantclient basic and sdk like this

# note: the original poster had you install into a lib subdirectory, 

# but when I tried this it couldn't find the sdk files. So I moved 

# the files in lib into the parent directory as

# shown below. Actually I copied them, YMMV

mkdir -p /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client

unzip -jd /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client 

    instantclient-basic-linux-x86-32-10.2.0.2-20060331.zip

mkdir -p /usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.2/client

unzip -jd /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client 

    instantclient-sdk-linux-x86-32-10.2.0.2-20060331.zip

ln -s /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client/libclntsh.so.10.1 

    /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client/libclntsh.so



# make the full client use instantclient's files

cd /app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

mv lib oldlib

ln -s /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client/lib lib

ln -s /usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.2/client include



#php configure line is: 

    ./configure --with-oci8=instantclient,/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client



# I had to do this, or the OCI8 would not compile when 

# I ran make on PHP5.1.2 I did not do this originally when I 

# had the files in the lib sudirectory (see my note above) so 

# that may be the true issue.

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH



make



make install



#In apache2 edit the envvars and add

LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/local/apache2/lib:

    /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"

TNS_ADMIN="/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client"

LANG=en_US

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH LANG TNS_ADMIN



#Restart Apache



Jay

Andrei Kubar
26-Nov-2006 07:53


If you try to use it with Oracle Instant Client 10.2.0.2 on Windows 2003 Server, you might be getting the 



PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library 'C:\php\ext\php_oci8.dll' - The specified module could not be found.



error at startup, even though you had all done corresponding to PHP and Oracle setup routines.



reason for this may be the lack of 



<b>mfc71.dll , msvcrt.dll and msvcr71.dll</b>



libraries on the system. Particularly the msvcr71.dll was the one which I missed and which caused the startup problem.



It is also a good idea to install the Patch 9 for the instant client (patch number 5604010 in metalink), it contains updated oci8.dll and oraociei10.dll versions.

private at private dot com
05-Jun-2006 09:59


To fsegtrop at estiem dot org:



Thank you for the note about the DOS/Unix line-endings.  My boss gave me his copy of tnsnames.ora from his Windows machine for my use on my Linux workstation.  I spent three hours trying to figure out why, and researching Oracle connections.



A simple dos2unix command on my tnsnames.ora file fixed the problem.

rainer dot klier at gmx dot at
22-May-2006 02:08


estoreic (note from 15-May-2006 10:54) is right.



there seems to be a problem with the oci8-api-functions in php 4.4.x.



there are error-messages like these in the error_log:

child pid 22297 exit signal Segmentation fault (11)

*** glibc detected *** double free or corruption (out): 0x00000000019f4730 ***

*** glibc detected *** double free or corruption (!prev): 0x0000000001111d90 ***

*** glibc detected *** corrupted double-linked list: 0x0000000001111d50 ***



using php 4.4.x with oracle 10.x is impossible, until you do the following:

1. download latest oci8-package from http://pecl.php.net/package/oci8

2. extract package somewhere

3. go to php-4.4.x-source directory

4. rm -rf ext/oci8

5. cp extraceted oci8-1.2.x directory to/as ext/oci8

6. make distclean

7. ./buildconf --force

8. ./.configure (with the options you need)

9. make

10. only for x86_64:

create pear-install.ini:

-----------------------------------------------

[PHP]



memory_limit = 128M      ; Maximum amount of memory a script may consume (8MB)

------------------------------------------------



11. edit Makefile:

replace:

PEAR_INSTALL_FLAGS = -n -dshort_open_tag=0 -dsafe_mode=0

with:

PEAR_INSTALL_FLAGS = -cpear-install.ini -dshort_open_tag=0 -dsafe_mode=0



12. make install



have fun!

oracle connections will work now!

estoreic dot list at gmail dot com
15-May-2006 10:54


We were having performance issues caused by Segmentation Faults on pages using Oracle.



An example of the Seg faults appearing in Apache's error log is:

*** glibc detected *** free(): invalid next size (fast): 0x0969ef30 ***

[Mon May 08 09:41:51 2006] [notice] child pid 3065 exit signal Aborted (6)



OR 



[Mon May 08 09:48:58 2006] [notice] child pid 4747 exit signal Segmentation fault (11)



Our issue was due to a problem with OCI8 module in PHP (latest version 4.4.2).



Our solution involved recompiling PHP with the latest PECL OCI8 extension which can be downloaded from:

http://pecl.php.net/package/oci8



All segmentation faults and performance issues stopped once PHP was recompiled with OCI8 1.2.1.



If you are experience performance issues and/or seg faults I would recommend recompiling PHP with the latest stable OCI8 extension.

terry dot greenlaw at logicalshift dot com
12-May-2006 10:10


Dropping support for Oracle 9i clients on Windows is a huge mistake! Most people in production environments can't just slap another oracle_home on their box just for php traffic. 



The Instant Client is aimed at desktop users, not servers, and is the last thing an experienced Oracle person would be installing.



The code works fine in 5.1.3RC2, so I guess we're stuck on that version until the issue is addressed properly.

jon at cssofla dot com
10-May-2006 09:48


For installation and enabling support of OCI8, I highly recommend Zend Core for Oracle from Zend.  I had almost a month's worth of trouble trying to get OCI8 working until I found that, and it was a piece of cake with that.

f dot kheiri at ucl dot ac dot uk
29-Apr-2006 07:40


To compile PHP 4.4.2 with OCI8 / Oracle 9i / AIX 5.2 (64-bit) / GCC



PHP will automatically compile against the Oracle 64-bit libraries, which PHP being a 32-bit app, will cause "make" to fail (though it will configure fine). Here's how to avoid this:



1. replace your PHP's ext/oci8 directory with the latest ext/oci8 directory downloadable from PECL - then remove the old directory entirely



2. rebuild configure by running:



./buildconf --force



...in PHP's root directory. This will rebuild the configure script.



3. using a tool like sed, in your configure file replace all instances of /path/to/oracle/lib with /path/to/oracle/lib32 - note, this may require GNU's autoconf, m4 and gnumake.



4. export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/path/to/oracle/lib32



5. ./configure --with-oci-8=/path/to/oracle (and any other options)



Then, the usual make and make install.

25-Apr-2006 03:29


# here's what it took to get it going for me on rhel4 on x86_64 w/ 10gr2 and php5.0.5

# hopefully this will save someone a little grief

# first you must install the 10.2 full client in /app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

# follow all the instructions. This part will be a bitch.



# install the instantclient basic and sdk like this

mkdir -p /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client/lib

unzip -jd /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client/lib instantclient-basic-linux-x86-64-10.2.0.2-20060228.zip

mkdir -p /usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.2/client

unzip -jd /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client instantclient-sdk-linux-x86-64-10.2.0.2-20060228.zip

ln -s /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client/lib/libclntsh.so.10.1 /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client/lib/libclntsh.so



# make the full client use instantclient's files

cd /app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

mv lib oldlib

ln -s /usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.2/client/lib lib

ln -s /usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.2/client include



php configure line is: --with-oci8=/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/

jdstil at nononsense dot bluewin dot ch
18-Mar-2006 03:02


Apache 1.3, Oracle 9.2, PHP 5.1.2 on Windows XP Pro.

Very weird behavior with php_oci8.dll coming with the full windows build (I downloaded yesterday...). Couldn't get any of the examples to work, it appears Apache crashes on oci_parse, but not so if I program "C style":



  while this doesn't work:

    <?php

      $db_conn = oci_connect("scott","tiger");

      $parsed = oci_parse($db_conn,"select * from emp"); <-- Apache crashes on execution of this statement

      // etc...

    ?>



  this does:

    <?php



      function main($connection)

      {

        $parsed = oci_parse($connection,"select * from emp");

        $r = oci_execute($parsed, OCI_DEFAULT);

        // etc...

      }



      $db_conn = oci_connect("scott","tiger");



      main($db_conn);



      oci_close($db_conn);

    ?>



Took me the whole day, then I found Francesco Marsan's note (THANKS!) dated February 9th, 2006... and indeed, downloading from http://pecl4win.php.net/ext.php/php_oci8.dll solved the problem instantly.

soef at tjah dot net
03-Mar-2006 12:04


To install this in gentoo linux you will need to do some weird stuff:



-  Make sure you have this use flags set: "dba cli pcre xml zlib oci8-instant-client"

- Unmask PHP (5.1.1) by placing "dev-lang/php ~x86" in /etc/portage/package.keywords

- Unmask oracle-instantclient-basic (10.2.0.1-r1) by placing "dev-db/oracle-instantclient-basic ~x86"

- Download oracle files from "http://otn.oracle.com/software/tech/ oci/instantclient/htdocs/linuxsoft.html" (You have to make an account and login, in order to download the packages:



    * instantclient-basic-linux32-10.2.0.1-20050713.zip

    * instantclient-sdk-linux32-10.2.0.1-20050713.zip



- Place the downloaded packages in "/usr/portage/distfiles"

- "emerge apache dev-lang/php5" (If you done right, the build for the instantclient will be selected automaticly.

- Configure your "/etc/conf.d/apache2" to make sure you have "-D PHP5" in your "APACHE_OPTS"

dfischer at qualcomm dot com
02-Mar-2006 05:00


Here are some tips on getting the instant client to work with php:



I am using Fedora Core 3 and php-5.1.2 on x86.



Install:

oracle-instantclient-basic-10.xxxx.i386.rpm

oracle-instantclient-devel-10.xxxx.i386.rpm 



Configuring php:

./configure --with-oci8=instantclient,/usr/lib/oracle/10.xxx/client/lib/

This path will change if you unzip it isntead of using the rpms. Make sure it points to where libclntsh.so is installed.



Configuring apache:

The following lines need to be in your .../apache/bin/envvars file:

LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/lib/oracle/10.xxx/client/lib/: /opt/apache2/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"

TNS_ADMIN="/usr/lib/oracle/10.1.0.4/client/lib/"

LANG=en_US

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH LANG TNS_ADMIN 

You will need to modify the paths to the oracle instantclient libs and to apache. In addition, the language will need to be modified if not US English.



TNS Names and Oracle:

Put the tnsnames.ora and sqlnet.ora files into the same directory as libclntsh.so.



Restart apache and you should be able to connect.

jnavratil at houston dot rr dot com
12-Feb-2006 05:30


The error message "There is something wrong with your system - please check that ORACLE_HOME is set and points to the right directory" is somewhat deceptive in that it can be emitted even when ORACLE_HOME is correctly set, but that there is a connection failure when the OCI8 extension uses the Oracle OCI API.  This API requires access to several files in the Oracle distribution which, at least in the 10g release 2 distribution, are not available to 'others'.  It seems this may be the reason that we are directed to give oracle 'oinstall' group access to the apache user.  For those who do not consider this a good idea, the solution is to grant 'other' access to the files.



I used the following script (YMMV) ....



export ORACLE_HOME=<your-Oracle-home-here>

chmod o=x $ORACLE_HOME/network

chmod o=x $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

chmod o=r $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

chmod o=r $ORACLE_HOME/nls

chmod o=r $ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

chmod o=r $ORACLE_HOME/nls/data/*

chmod o=x $ORACLE_HOME/oracore

chmod o=x $ORACLE_HOME/oracore/zoneinfo

chmod o=r $ORACLE_HOME/oracore/zoneinfo/timezlrg.dat

chmod o=r $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms

chmod o=r $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg

chmod o=r $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/*



The ORACLE_HOME environment variable *IS* required, but I found no need to set the others (again, YMMV).



To discover the files referenced by your OCI8 scripts, you can open the security by giving apache group access to the Oracle directories, touching some temp file and using 'find' to discover the files which have been accessed.  Try using...



cd $ORACLE_HOME

find . -anewer <my-touched-temp-file> -print

francesco [dot] marsan [at] yahoo.it
09-Feb-2006 01:47


If you experience Apache crashes on a Windows platform with PHP 5.1.2 while trying to access Oracle, try exchanging the php_oci8.dll that comes with the distribution, with the one that is on http://pecl4win.php.net/ext.php/php_oci8.dll. After much trouble while trying many install options this finally solved my issues and worked fine.

cjbj at hotmail dot com
19-Jan-2006 08:09


PHP 5.1.2 was the first PHP release to ship the "re-factored" OCI8 1.1 driver.



The configuration options for the re-factored driver have changed, particularly for building with Oracle Instant Client. Some older articles and documentation are now obsolete.   Run ./configure --help to see the new syntax.



User's of PHP prior to 5.1.2 can install the re-factored driver from http://pecl.php.net/package/oci8 or http://pecl4win.php.net/ext.php/php_oci8.dll

wes9999 at myfastmail dot com
18-Jan-2006 09:19


If you're compiling php 5.1.2, and using the oracle instant client, the appropriate configure option is:

--with-oci8=instantclient,/path/to/instantclient/libs



which is a change from the configure option for php 5.1.1, which was:

--with-oci8-instant-client=/path/to/instantclient/libs



If you use the old one with php 5.1.2, it just silently ignores this option and the resulting php build doesn't have oracle support.

scoop at subindie dot com
26-Oct-2005 01:27


Regarding compiling with the recently updated OCI8 Extension (http://pecl.php.net/package/oci8).



I ran into problems when statically compiling, such as numerous "undefined reference to `zif_oci_***'" errors.  Since I likely won't be the only one to run into this problem, here's some helpful hints:



If you've previously compiled your php installation, first: make clean



Then replace the existing php-x.x.x/ext/oci8 directory with the latest package from: http://pecl.php.net/package/oci8



./buildconf --force

./config ..

make

jistanidiot at gmail dot com
16-Sep-2005 08:07


On RHEL for PHP4 or 5...



For Oracle 9i before you compile PHP but after you install Oracle, you need to make the following symlinks:



ln -s $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/public/nzerror.h  $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/demo/nzerror.h



ln -s $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/public/nzt.h $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/demo/nzt.h



ln -s $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/public/ociextp.h $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/demo/ociextp.h



ln -s $ORACLE_HOME/lib/libclntsh.so.9.0 $ORACLE_HOME/lib/libclntsh.so.8.0



ln -s $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/linux/libcdlntsh.so.9.0 

$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/linux/libcdlntsh.so.8.0



With 10g you need to make the first three and then this one:

ln -s $ORACLE_HOME/lib/libclntsh.so.10.0 $ORACLE_HOME/lib/libclntsh.so.8.0

denis dot delamarre at chu-rennes dot fr
09-Jun-2005 10:00


php5 + Apache 2 + solaris 2.10 + oracle9i (64bits)



'./configure' '--with-oracle=/prod/dba/oraeve/ora9i' '--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs' '--with-zlib' '--with-gd' '--without-mysql' '--with-oci8=/prod/dba/oraeve/ora9i' 



fail with :

ld: fatal : fichier libclntsh.so : wrong elf class : ELFCLASS64 



the solution is between ./configure and make command to edit Makefile and replace /ora9i/lib  with  /ora9i/lib32



all it's ok

MSapp
06-Jun-2005 06:48


Problems compiling 5.0.4 with Oracle Instant Client 10? (i.e. cannot find -lirc)



Remove the "-lirc" from sdk/demo/sysliblist and rerun configure.

darkstar_ae at hotmail dot com
25-Apr-2005 10:39


When fetching associative arrays, use uppercase string indices. It appears the PHP OCI Library is less lenient with the field names returned by Oracle.



e.g.



echo $row['field1']; // This won't return anything.



as opposed to:



echo $row['FIELD1'];

kucerar at hhmi dot org
23-Feb-2005 08:29


Great Solaris patch!  Finally built.  Here's some tips on connecting:



Just made this on solaris8 32bit, actually works.



1) put everything in one directory

2) unsetenv ORACLE_HOME

3) set the env vars LD_LIBRARY_PATH and SQLPATH and TNS_ADMIN(if you have it) to that directory.

4) use one of the other easy connection notations here



http://www.oracle.com/technology/

docs/tech/sql_plus/10102/readme_ic.htm



These env vars worked when put at the top of apachectl script as well.



To build you may have to fake it out with an ORACLE_HOME var,  but unset it later.  You may also have to fake out the build by putting header files where it is looking for them,  e.g. in the rdbms/demo directory or some such other place.



When running though,  make sure you have only the files required in only one directory.



Oracle has not put up a link to the 32bit solaris sqlplus--you have to guess it--it's there though:



http://download.oracle.com/otn/solaris/instantclient/

instantclient-sqlplus-solaris32-10.1.0.3.zip

  

...and don't forget to add ".world" on to the end of your SID. It's very common to have to specify DBNAME.WORLD to connect.

buswash at gmail dot com
02-Feb-2005 06:51


PHP 5.0.3 + Solaris 9 (UltraSPARC) + Apache 2.0.51 + Oracle 10g Instant Client 10.1.0.3



Thanks to Jakob's patch I got this combination working.  Here are some things that helped me:



1. After getting this:

ld: fatal: file /opt/oracle/instantclient/libclntsh.so: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS64



I realized that PHP is a 32-bit application and that all 3rd-party libraries need to be 32-bit as well.  You need to download the 32-bit version of Instant Client (basic + sdk), even if you are running the 64-bit Solaris OS.



2. My patch command syntax was a little different:

patch -p0 -i php5_ociclient.patch config.m4



Thanks again to Jakob for porting the patch over to PHP 5.



Marc

jakob dot jellbauer at interhyp dot de
19-Jan-2005 12:00


Yes, i`ve made it !

Installing PHP 5.0.3 and the Oracle 10g Instant Client on Linux .



There is no need to have a full Oracle Installation on the Webserver, you only need the client.



http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/notes/technote_php_instant.html



The patches provided from Oracle are for PHP Versions 4.3.9 or 4.3.10.



Here is the handmade patch for PHP 5.0.3 :



...

patch -u php-5.0.3/ext/oci8/config.m4 php5_ociclient.patch

cd php-5.0.3

rm -rf autom4te.cache config.cache

./buildconf --force

...



Download the Patch here:



 http://www.pubanz.de/jakob/php5_ociclient.zip



Have fun,



Feel free to ask me if there are any questions

mark at magpies dot net
06-Jan-2005 01:05


Hello once again. 

This time I present details on how to get Oracle Instant Client 10g ( 10.1.0.3 ), PHP 5.0.3 and Apache 2.0.52 running together on Linux (I've used fedora core 1 but I can't see why this will not work for any other distro )

*Note* This is not a guide on compiling php and httpd there are plenty of guides around to do that. This just covers compiling and using the oci8 module with php.



1. Set-up and install apache-2.0.52 as per normal



2. Unpack the Oracle 10g Instant Client ( 10.1.0.3 SDK + Basic, I also use the sqlplus pack to test the connection outside of apache / php ) 

  rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient-basic-10.1.0.3-1.i386.rpm  oracle-instantclient-devel-10.1.0.3-1.i386.rpm  oracle-instantclient-sqlplus-10.1.0.3-1.i386.rpm



3. Set env ORACLE_HOME to the clients path in the current shell your shell command may vary (this is bash )

  export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/10.1.0.3/client; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/10.1.0.3/client/lib;

(if you want to test if you can now get a connection to oracle using sqlplus see item 10 below.)



4. Unpack php-5.0.3 as per normal add in  --with-oci8  to the configure options. If the ORACLE_HOME is set previously then adding the directory as per "--with-oci8=$ORACLE_HOME" should not be necessary. Do this to be safe though.



5. Run the ./configure program in php source directory. Don't make it just yet though.



6. The compiler needs to find the includes oci.h + others so, from the default client install dirs, I needed to edit the php Makefile after it was configured. Open it up and look for "EXTRA_INCLUDES" and add to end of line 

-I/usr/include/oracle/10.1.0.3/client  (thats a capital i ) save the Makefile, then finish off compiling and installing php.  Please note im sure this will be changed in php's configure so it finds these by default in the not too distant future.



7. Create a directory /etc/oracle and place your tnsnames.ora file in there, (VERY IMPORTANT make sure you chmod your tnsnames.ora to ensure that whatever username your httpd server runs under can read the file (1.5 hours of frustration later i figured this out). I just did "chmod 0644 tnsnames.ora" it doesn't matter where you put this as long as you set the env  TNS_ADMIN to it. (IMPORTANT  TNS_ADMIN points to a directory not the actual tnsnames.ora file )



8. My system uses a /etc/init.d/httpd script to start up httpd so in that file I exported the ORACLE_HOME & TNS_ADMIN env vars before the httpd is run, oh you will need to set LD_LIBRARY_PATH as well if you not added the path to ld.so.conf

  export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/10.1.0.3/client; export TNS_ADMIN=/etc/oracle

  

9. start httpd and bobs your uncle....



10. You can test connection once the instant client rpm's are installed by using   sqlplus.   set  ORACLE_HOME as above,  TNS_ADMIN as above, LD_LIBRARY_PATH as above and if necessary.  Then  sqlplus <username>/<password>@<sid or service_name as per tns_admin file>  use sqlplus here as you would normally 



Mark

PS: Thanks Oracle for the SDK,  about time !

Mark at catalyst dot net dot nzed
09-Aug-2004 08:28


ReCompiling PHP4 to have oracle 8 support (oci8) on Debian Linux, using the Oracle 10g client libraries. Log in as root.



PACKAGES REQUIRED:

php4-dev

php4 (source files)

php4 module (might not be required, but it's what i had installed at the time)



OTHER PACKAGE REQUIREMENTS:

Oracle Client Libraries (i used Oracle 10g Server, but you should be able to use, as has been previously said, any set of the oracle client libraries from 8i onwards). 

* make sure this is installed before recompiling php4.



ENVIRONMENT REQUIREMENTS:

- export ORACLE_HOME=[where u installed the oracle client]

- export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

- export LD_PRELOAD=libclntsh.so.10.1 (the version number at the end will correspond to the oracle version you previously installed. in my case, 10g is 10.1).

- vi /etc/ld.so.conf and add $ORACLE_HOME/lib to the list of paths. 

then * run ldconfig to reload those changes to the system * (p.s. make sure it's the full path, and not using any environment variables. e.g. /u01/app/oracle/product/10gRDBMS is my ORACLE_HOME).



STEPS:

- cd /usr/src/[PHP4 Version]

in my case, [PHP4 Version] = php4-4.3.8, so path was

/usr/src/php4-4.3.8



- vi debian/rules

these are the default compilation rules for php4. Find section labeled COMMON_CONFIG = [...] and add --with-oci8 (it should be near the top of the file).



- debchange -i (allows you to edit the change log for the versions of php. btw - you should be in the php4 source code directory). give the version id something obviously unique. don't forget to add a comment.



when all is in readyness, then you should be able to go debian/rules binary to build the debian packages required.

the deb packages are built into the /usr/src directory. and depending on the default compilation options u choose, there should be a few. find the deb package that corresponds to the main php4 module (php4_4.3.8-4.mark.1_i386.deb for me), and run dpkg -i [package name] to install it.



- vi /etc/init.d/apache and add exports for $ORACLE_HOME, $LD_PRELOAD and $LD_LIBRARY_PATH



* don't forget to restart apache /etc/init.d/apache to reload the php4 module. *



IF YOU GET... :

if you get an error saying something about apache cannot load libclntsh.so.10.1, file not found, check the environment variables, for both the user, and in /etc/init.d/apache and also check ld.so.conf to make sure the $ORACLE_HOME/lib path is in there, and has been reloaded (with ldconfig).



editing ld.so.conf was the part that finally got it working for me.

as you should be able to tell, the steps are pretty much the same as for all oracle versions 8i onwards, and all linux OS's. but with a few debian specific paths and commands thrown in.

mark at magpies dot net
05-Jul-2004 09:07


For those trying to use the Oracle Instant Client 10g in a win32 environment, heres a nice easy howto. If you fully read the docs properly and understand what your reading you will be able to set it up, but if like me you want a quick easy fix, heres how I did it.





1. Download and install the Oracle Instant Client to where ever (lets say  c:\ora\client  )


2. Add your connect info, copy a previously created or provided tnsnames.ora file to the above directory.


3. Change Path in the Environment Variables area to add this directory to the path. ie.  c:\ora\client;%SystemRoot%;<and so on>


4. Open regedit and add a Key called ORACLE to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE


5. To the ORACLE key add a string value called TNS_ADMIN and assign it the directory above (ie. c:\ora\client )  So you end up with KEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\TNS_ADMIN = c:\ora\client


6. Set php to use Oci8 extension and bobs your uncle


7. Reboot.





Option 7 was required as the oci8 extension or php wouldn't pick up the path change. Also my problem was how to use other programs like sqlplus without creating extra Environment Variables etc the TNS_ADMIN / tnsnames.ora part makes that simpler and allows you to call things the same as you would before.





PS: This should apply to all the Instant Clients. I haven't tried it with any others but 10g though.





Hope this helps.

beckman at purplecow dot com
14-Jun-2004 04:20


For those of you running Oracle on Linux, and running a remote box also on Linux, here's an easy way to get OCI8 working without having to install the whole Oracle DB just to get your client working.



[PS -- For the life of me, installing client libraries for Oracle really shouldn't be this hard, but it really truly is.]



Step 1.  Copy the following directories from your ORACLE_HOME directory where Oracle is installed (the database server) to your remote client server/machine:



     lib, network, ocommon, plsql, rdbms, oracore



   These contain all of the files/folders/libraries you'll need to compile OCI8 into PHP.  I put this in /home/beckman/oracle and set ORACLE_HOME as that dir.



Step 2.  Compile PHP with --with-oci8=/home/beckman/oracle (obviously using your directory, not mine).  Install, (re)start apache.



Step 3. Remove plsql and rdbms directories from ORACLE_HOME on your remote server, leaving you with lib, network, ocommon and oracore.



Step 4. Read: http://otn.oracle.com/tech/opensource/php/php_troubleshooting_faq.html



NOTE: This will only help you if you (a) have Oracle successfully running on Linux (was RH Enterprise 3 for me) and your client box is running the same OS.  I'm not sure it will work on earlier versions, but it may.  Your results should be posted here methinks!

cyrill@_malevanov_dot_spb_dot_ru
10-May-2004 01:05


Passing CLOB to stored procedure and retrieve CLOB too (function lobinout(a in clob) return clob)



<?

    error_reporting(1+2+4+8);

    $conn = OCILogon('batdtd', 'batdtd', 'batxml');

    

    $lobin = OCINewDescriptor($conn, OCI_D_LOB);

    $lobout = OCINewDescriptor($conn, OCI_D_LOB);

    

    $stmt = OCIParse($conn, "declare rs clob; begin :rs := lobinout(:par); end;");

    $lob_data = 'abcdefgh';

    

    echo "binding lobin...";

    OCIBindByName($stmt, ':par', $lobin, -1, OCI_B_CLOB);

    

    echo "done<br>binding rs...";

    

    OCIBindByName($stmt, ':rs', $lobout, -1, OCI_B_CLOB);

    

    echo "done<br>writing temp lob...";

             // here we pass data to func

    $lobin -> WriteTemporary($lob_data);

    echo "done<br>executing...";

    

    OCIExecute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);

             // here we load data returned from func

    echo "done<br>rs = ".$lobout->load();

    OCICommit($conn);

    $lobin -> free();

    $lobout -> free();

    OCIFreeStatement($stmt);

    OCILogoff($conn);

?>

dadarden_nospamoladude at iti2 dot net
12-Mar-2004 05:27


PHP Oracle -- Compiling Oracle Support into PHP, Apache 2

Apache 2.0.48,   Php 4.3.4,  Red Hat Linux 9.0,  Debian 3.0,  Oracle 9i R2

Dave Darden � 1/17/04 -- www.dardensystems.com



First install Apache 2 from source.  Instructions are at http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/install.html.  

I used a --prefix=/usr/local/apache on the install.  



Install Oracle.  There is a very good Oracle install to RedHat 9.0 white paper at http://www.dizwell.com/ that goes step by step through the problems (Oracle is not supported on RedHat 9.  Oracle only supports installation on paid versions of Red Hat).  



If only an Oracle client is installed on the web server (if the database is on another machine in a multi-tier configuration) then you must install both the client and the Oracle Call Interface (OCI).  I think SQLPlus also needs to be installed.  Oracle Network Utilities and Installation Common Files were also installed.  If you cannot configure/make php because of missing Oracle library errors during configure/make, then investigate whether you have installed enough of the �client� pieces of Oracle on the web server machine.  



I also included a link from   libclntsh.so.8.0   to   libclntsh.so.9.0   in the $ORACLE_HOME/lib directory.   Some internet posts suggested it to prevent errors in php configure/make.   A later experience moving from RedHat to Debian confirms that it is necessary to avoid a make error on a missing lclntsh file.  



In transferring the client software from a Red Hat 9.0 web server installation to a Debian 3.0 (kernel 2.4.18) web server installation I was able to simply copy over the Oracle /u01 directory tree without rerunning the Oracle client installation.   This must be done before php is configured and compiled on the Debian machine so the oci8 libraries are available.   And of course the tips on libclntsh and environment variables must be observed as well.  



Get the php source.  This php configure line worked for me, creating an Apache 2 module, and keeping mysql and gd support.  Add other options if you need them for a given site.  For some reason, even though gd is included with php now, zlib was needed to successfully configure and make php from source when including gd.   You will need to substitute appropriate directory locations for your install of Apache, zlib, and Oracle.



./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \ 

--with-mysql --with-gd \ 

--with-zlib-dir=/usr/local \ 

--with-config-file-path=/etc \ 

--enable-force-cgi-redirect --disable-cgi \ 

--with-oci8=/u01/app/oracle/9i --enable-sigchild 



Use an absolute path on   -�with-oci8=/u01/app/oracle/9i  

(Do not use the $ORACLE_HOME path variable in the configure statement.  For some reason it does not work even when it is set properly.)



Also, set the environment variables in 

/usr/local/apache/bin/envvars like so (your env var values should vary):



export ORACLE_SID="lx92"

export ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/9i"

export TNS_ADMIN="/u01/app/oracle/9i/network/admin"

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/u01/app/oracle/9i/lib"

export TNS_ADMIN="/u01/app/oracle/9i/network/admin/tnsnames.ora"

export TWO_TASK="/u01/app/oracle/9i/network/admin/tnsnames.ora"

export NLS_LANG="English_America.WE8ISO8859P1"

export ORACLE_BASE="/u01/app/oracle"

oddbec_no_more_spam_kthx at online dot no
24-Feb-2004 08:49


I had trouble with norwegian characters using oracle 8.7.1 / php 4something and Apache 2.



The only trouble was that '?' appeared instead of the norwegian characters.



The solution to it all was to add this to the apachectl script:



export NLS_LANG="norwegian_norway.WE8ISO8859P1"

export ORACLE_BASE="/home/oracle"

export ORA_NLS33="/home/oracle/ocommon/nls/admin/data"

export ORACLE_TERM="ansi"

export ORACLE_HOME="/home/oracle"

export LANG="no_NO"



I'm not sure if all of these are necessary, but I took no change, and it works now :)

lomax at arizona edu
25-Jul-2003 04:26


Can't compile php with Oracle 9i and apache on Solaris8?

Sun 280R



Using some of the tips below I had to add this:

(static build)



#!/bin/tcsh

setenv LDFLAGS -L$ORACLE_HOME/lib32



cd php-4.x.x/

./configure --with-oci8=$ORACLE_HOME --with-apache=/path/to/apache_src ..etc

make

make intsall



cd apache_src

(make sure environment variable is still set)

./configure  "--prefix=/usr/apache" "--enable-module=so" \

"--activate-module=src/modules/php4/libphp4.a"  ...etc

make 

make install



Having the gcc compilier build php against oracle 32 bit libraries was the key, but without setting LDFLAGS the compiler defaults to using the 64-bit oracle libraries which cause the famous 

"...wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS64.." on startup.



The only diffenece here was I didn't have to do play musical directories for it to work. The below post was instrumental in helping me to get this fixed. Thanks to "lore_giver at lycos dot co dot uk"

lore_giver at lycos dot co dot uk
20-May-2003 11:42


Running Oracle 9i on a 

Solaris 9 (64 bit) platform with a Sun Server E250:

Apache version 1.3.27

PHP version 4.3.1



I was first getting "...wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS64.."

while doing a ./configure with the --with-oci8 and --with-oracle parameters.



After some unsuccessfull searched I renamed the $ORACLE_HOME/lib to $ORACLE_HOME/lib.org and then renamed the

$ORACLE_HOME/lib32 to $ORACLE_HOME/lib



Thereafter it went passed this config, but now failed on 

not being able to find a libwtc9.so file which was in the

$ORACLE_HOME/lib directory  (this message was displayed in the debug.log in the php source directory).



After setting the Environment variable:

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

I was able to compile without any errors and 'make' and 'make install' ran smoothly.



I only had to add the php type in the httpd.conf (in your apache conf directory eg. /usr/local/apache/conf)..

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

to get the php to work again...



I had to then reverse the $ORACLE_HOME/lib swop on top since php was now having problems with the 32 bit version of the library...so switched it back to 64 and my php script worked....



Hope this helps some out there with similar problems..



Cheers

09-Dec-2002 01:53


Configuring/Compiling PHP as a DSO with Oracle support from source on a Sun Solaris 8 box.  We had already installed Oracle 9.2.0 client tools.



1. Make sure the following tools are installed



    autoconf

    automake

    bison

    flex

    gcc

    make

    gzip

    

    They can be downloaded from http://www.sunfreeware.com.

    

2.  Make sure Apache is installed with DSO support.  We ran the Apache configure/compile like so:



    LIBS=-lpthread ./configure \

    --prefix=/usr/local/apache \

    --enable-module=most \

    --enable-shared=max

    

    

    make

    make install

    

3.  If you haven't already, install the Oracle client tools.

4.  Make sure the following environment variables are set correctly and are accessible by all users.  We set them in /etc/profile.



    ORACLE_HOME

    ORACLE_BASE

    NLS_LANG

    ORA_NLS33

    ORACLE_TERM

    LD_LIBRARY_PATH

    

    (technically, only $ORACLE_HOME is required, but you'll want to set the rest in order to make sure things run smoothly afterward)

    

5.  Make sure '/usr/ccs/bin' is in your path.  If not, add it.

6.  Unpack PHP source (php-4.2.3):



    gunzip php-4.2.3.tar.gz

    tar xvf php-4.2.3.tar

    cd php-4.2.3



    

7.  Run PHP configure like so :



    CC=gcc ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \

    --with-config-file-path=/etc \

    --with-mysql \

    --enable-ftp \

    --with-oci8=/path/to/ORACLE_HOME \

    --with-oracle=/path/to/ORACLE_HOME \

    --enable-sigchild

    

8.  Run make:  make

9.  Run this as root:  make install

10.  Change the LoadModule line in httpd.conf to include the fully qualified path.  For us:



    LoadModule php4_module        /usr/local/apache/libexec/libphp4.so

    

11.  Make sure the PHP files types are recognized in your httpd.conf file:



    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

    

12.  Test the configuration:



    /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl configtest

    

    It should return "Syntax OK"

    

13.  Bounce Apache:



    /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl restart

    

    

14.  Here's a simple PHP script to test the setup.  If you don't have access to the default tables Oracle provides, change the connections/tablenames/fields to match your setup:



    <?php



    $db_conn = ocilogon("scott", "tiger");



    $cmdstr = "select ename, sal from emp";

    $parsed = ociparse($db_conn, $cmdstr);

    ociexecute($parsed);

    $nrows = ocifetchstatement($parsed, $results);

    echo "Found: $nrows results<br><br>\n";



    echo "<table border=1 cellspacing='0' width='50%'>\n";

    echo "<tr>\n";

    echo "<td><b>Name</b></td>\n";

    echo "<td><b>Salary</b></td>\n";

    echo "</tr>\n";



    for ($i = 0; $i < $nrows; $i++ ) {

          echo "<tr>\n";

          echo "<td>" . $results["ENAME"][$i] . "</td>";

          echo "<td>$ " . number_format($results["SAL"][$i], 2). "</td>";

          echo "</tr>\n";

    }



    echo "</table>\n";



    ?>

poulman at uponorhsdna dot com
10-Oct-2002 11:51


Re: ora-12154 errors with PHP 4.2.3, Apache 1.3.27, and Oracle 9i (client only) I had two identical set ups, one on SuSE 8.0 and one on RedHat 8.0, the SuSE worked and RedHat errored with ora-12154! For some reason, having the apache user in the oracle group worked for SuSE but did not for RedHat, I had to run the Apache service as oracle user (the one used to install oracle client). Just wanted to share this little tidbit with anyone who might be pulling their hair out like me :-). Other key things were setting the ORACLE_HOME env variable before starting Apache (I did this in the profile file).

bradburn at kiwi dot de
24-Sep-2002 05:23


keywords: NLS_LANG, NLS_CHARACTERSET,SetEnv,putenv()



If you have tried setting the environment variables -- especially NLS_LANG -- in PHP with putenv(), and perhaps also in Apache with SetEnv, and you are still having trouble with PHP+Oracle and foriegn character sets (you get e.g. 'd' for '�'), try setting the environment variables in your PROFILE (e.g. under bash) BEFORE starting the Apache server once more. This finally stopped the problems we were having. For reference, set the following variables:



ORACLE_HOME

ORA_NLS33

TNS_ADMIN

TWO_TASK

CLASSPATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH

NLS_LANG



An example would be:



NLS_LANG=GERMAN_GERMANY.WE8ISO8859P15; export NLS_LANG



Then restart Apache (see below for important note).



Our system was Sun SPARC 5.8, running Apache 1.3.26 with PHP 4.2.2, and the OCI8 API for Oracle.



One further note: restart Apache with:



  apachectl stop

  apachectl start



rather than



  apachectl restart



otherwise your environment may not be reset.



Hope this helps someone!



Ed

s917725 at mail dot yzu dot edu dot tw
18-Sep-2002 07:11


If you still have ORA-12154 failed with Apache PHP on oracle8i 

check 

1.edit httpd.conf the apache starter user should the same user(and group) who install oracle(oracle:oinstall)



2.make apache starter .bash_profile the same with user who install oracle

3.and restart apache and php

4.make sure

$c2 = ocilogon("scott","tiger",$db);



the $db should the same with /etc/oratab  SID



taht's all

devolver at iastate dot edu
30-May-2002 04:32


I spent several hours tracking down error ORA 24374, which would result from only *SOME* of my select statements.  This error would be caused if I made a query that would return any non-numerical value.  I am running an Apache 1.3.x webserver and PHP 4.2.1.



The fix is to add entries in your httpd.conf file that would export your environment settings.  I added these three lines and everything worked like a charm!

SetEnv ORACLE_HOME  /path/to/oracle/home

SetEnv ORA_NLS33  /path/to/oracle/home/ocommon/nls/admin/data

SetEnv NLS_LANG AMERICAN



Obviously, if your NLS_LANG is different, you should set it to whatever your NLS_LANG actually is.  Ask your friendly DB admin for this information.



Hope this helps someone who treads down the path that I just followed!



Trent

ddc at portalframework.com
14-May-2002 11:30


Sometimes Oracle doesn't cleanup shadow processes when accessed from PHP. To avoid that, check your 

$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora file in your Oracle Client directory and remove the (SERVER=DEDICATED) token if is set.



To let Oracle delete shadow process on timeouts, add the following line in your $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora

found in your ORACLE Server directory:



SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME=n



Where 'n' is the number of minutes to let connection idle befor shutting them out.

morales at tj dot rs dot gov dot br
24-Apr-2002 05:33


Debian / Apache / PHP oci8 / Oracle



I just wanna tell my experience compiling the oci8 support from php debian sources. It gave me a lot of headache and I think it might be useful for others who use debian.



This is for debian woody (3.0), php 4.1.2, apache 1.3.24, oracle 8.1.7

(of course, it might be useful for other versions)



The Debian packages have not oci8 compiled in, so you must get the sources. Then I edited the debian/rules file and added the following:



on top:



ORACLE_HOME=my_ora_home_here

export ORACLE_HOME

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/lib:/usr/lib:/$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH



to the COMMON_CONFIG variable:

--with-oci8=shared,${ORACLE_HOME}



to the modules variable, just bellow the above:

oci8 

(like ... mhash, mysql, oci8, odbc ...)



The "shared" keyword was the key for me. Before using it I was getting "ld: cannot find -lclntsh" on the compile time.



This way the compiling with dpkg-buildpackage went fine. If oci8.so does not show up in the modules directory after install, look php-source-path/apache-build/ext/oci8/.libs - it's there.



If this still fails, look also to the oracle-stubs problem. Oracle is compiled against glibc 2.1 and woody comes with 2.2. But oracle gives some stubs libs for work-around the problem. I don't know if this is necessary for the client libs, but I suggest trying. Look at Oracle docs.



Now things goes terribly fine here.

[]'s



Diego Morales,

Porto Alegre - Brazil.

edahnke at consultant dot com
08-Jan-2002 12:01


Here's a little snipet that shows how to insert multiple clob fields. Worked for me.



$dbh = OCILogon($dst_user_name, $dst_password, $dst_db_name);



for($i = 0; $i < $src_rec_cnt; $i++) {

    $query = "insert into bid (id,time,resume,experience,comments) values ('$id[$i]','$time[$i]',empty_clob(),empty_clob(),empty_clob()) returning  resume,experience,comments into :resume,:experience,:comments";



    $stmt = OCIParse($dbh, $query);



    $clob1 = OCINewDescriptor($dbh, OCI_D_LOB);

    $clob2 = OCINewDescriptor($dbh, OCI_D_LOB);

    $clob3 = OCINewDescriptor($dbh, OCI_D_LOB);

    

    OCIBindByName ($stmt, ":resume", &$clob1, -1, OCI_B_CLOB);

    OCIBindByName ($stmt, ":experience", &$clob2, -1, OCI_B_CLOB);

    OCIBindByName ($stmt, ":comments", &$clob3, -1, OCI_B_CLOB);



    OCIExecute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);

    

    @$clob1->save ($resume[$i]);

    @$clob2->save ($experience[$i]);

    @$clob3->save ($comments[$i]);

    

    OCICommit($dbh);

85276 at gmx dot net
08-Nov-2001 11:16


<?


// offset and limit feature for oracle 8 database selects





$conn = OCILogon("user","pw","server.world");





$sql="


declare


  type c_type is ref cursor;


  c_data c_type;


  c_null tab.row_id%type;


begin


  open :c_data for


    select row_id from tab order by row_id;


  while :c_data%rowcount < :c_init loop


    fetch :c_data into c_null;


  end loop;


end;


";





$stmt=OCIParse($conn, $sql);


$curs=OCINewCursor($conn);





$offset=100; // dont fetch the first 100 rows


$limit=10; // we want exactly 10 rows





OCIBindByName($stmt,":c_init",$offset,32);


OCIBindByName($stmt,":c_data",$curs,-1,OCI_B_CURSOR);





OCIExecute($stmt);


OCIExecute($curs);





for ($i=0;$i<$limit&&OCIFetchinto($curs,$cols,OCI_ASSOC);$i++)


  print $cols[ROW_ID]."\n";





OCIFreeStatement($stmt);


OCIFreeCursor($curs);


OCILogoff($conn);





?>

ruudb at stress dot utwente dot nl
26-Oct-2001 04:28


I had big problems to get an Oracle 7 server working with the OCI8 client and PHP under Linux, while connection to an Oracle 8 server worked great (In fact I got an ORA-01005 when connecting to Oracle 7). I see that more people have this problem, so here is the solution:





1. Make sure the NLS files are in your ORACLE_HOME subtree under $ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data.





2. Make sure the ORA_NLS33 parameter is unset or alternatively pointing to the above directory ($ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data). 





3. Add "export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/oracle" (for example) to your apache startup script. This is important!! Adding this variabele in the httpd.conf OR in your PHP script will _NOT_ solve the problem: the directory has to be known before the Oracle library is loaded.





Thanks to Ron Reidy for helping to tackle this problem.

ned at wgtech dot com
07-Sep-2001 12:48


Using OCI8 it seems putenv() doesn't seem to work for oracle environment (at least with Linux/Apache) variables, but once you get connected try issuing the sql stament:


ALTER SESSION SET NLS_whatever = value;


Seems to overide any default NLS parameters.

doug at redhive dot com
19-Jul-2001 02:38


if you feel like you have too many oracle statements clouding up your php, i came up with a function to open a connection (if necessary), parse your sql statement, and return the executed query.  after you call the function, you can do whatever needs to be done.  makes like so much simpler: (do whatever you want with the errors)





function execute_query($query, &$connected) {


    global $ORACLE_USER, $ORACLE_PASS, $ORACLE_SID;





    if(!$connected) {


        $connected = @OCIPLogon($ORACLE_USER, $ORACLE_PASS,  $ORACLE_SID);





        if($error = OCIError()) {


            die("<font color=red>ERROR!! Couldn't connect to server!</font>");


        }


    }





    $stmt = @OCIParse($connected, $query);


    if($error = OCIError($cn))    {


        die("<font color=red>ERROR!! Statement syntax error!</font>");


    }





    @OCIExecute($stmt);


    if($error = OCIError($stmt)) {


        die("<font color=red>ERROR!! Could not execute statement!</font>");


    }





    return $stmt;


}

alexis at castanares dot com
11-Jul-2001 01:15


If you are getting the nasty ORA-12154 errors, try adding your http daemon user (listed in you httpd.conf file as "User" & "Group") to the same group as the Oracle Owner user, then be sure that the ORACLE_HOME environment variable is set to the Oracle Home Path, when you start apache.

jasendorf at lcounty dot com
23-May-2001 03:48


VERY IMPORTANT!  OCIPLogon only keeps a persistent connection if you are running PHP as a module.  This is particularly important to Windows users who are used to running PHP as a CGI.

fsegtrop at estiem dot org
21-May-2001 07:14


When using PHP4 in CGI-mode with Windows NT or Windows 2000 with IIS or Apache, make sure that the TNSNAMES.ORA and the SQLNET.ORA do not contain DOS/Windows CR/LF line endings.<br> Instead, they must have UNIX (only LF) endings. Otherwise, you will get an ORA-12154 error (TNS cannot resolve service name) when connecting to a remote database.<br>


This all does not matter if you use the ISAPI mode.





Frank

junk at netburp dot com
19-Oct-2000 02:39


Here's a clue about rowid.





Don't forget about the oracle functions:





"rowidtochar" and "chartorowid"





"select rowidtochar(rowid) as FOO from table ...." 





When you want to pass the rowid in a form or link, that's 


the only way to go.

shmengie_2000 at yahoo dot com
03-Oct-2000 03:43


couple of notes about startup/shutdown on linux:  (redhat, maybe others)





export LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libpthread.so





Caused the start/stop script to fail to stop the httpd process.  


The LD_PRELOAD environment var caused the 'ps' command to core dump.  I went bald figuring that out.





Easiest fix I could think of was to move all the oracle/php varialble exports so they are only set in the start section of the httpd script.





Never thought setting those vars globally in the script would cause problems.  That's what I get for thinking...





One other note:  Make sure the httpd process is shutdown before Oracle.





eg: 


/etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K15httpd


/etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K25Oracle





Lingering connections to oracle may cause shutdown to take forever.





gl & hf





-Joe

ojones at dotclick dot com
18-May-2000 07:14


If you're using OCI calls from apache/mod_php, and getting ORA-12514 errors, it's important to make sure your ORACLE_HOME environment variable is defined when you start apache.  If you use /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd to start apache, simply put the environment variable definition in there.





This ORA-12514 error is baffling, because there isn't any such error code.  It actually should be ORA-12154 (but there's an error-code transposition somewhere in Oracle 8.1.5.0.2, on Linux).

add a note

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Last updated: Sat, 17 Jul 2004